Qanacsan
Thehydrides Waxay yihiin kiimikooyin kiimiko ah oo isku daraya atamka hydrogen ee molecule -kooda (oo xaaladdiisa oksaydhka ay tahay, inta badan, -1) iyo atamka walxaha kale ee miiska xilliyeedka ah.
Saddex qaybood oo hydrides ah ayaa la aqoonsan yahay:
- Biraha Birta: Iyagu waa kuwa ku samaysmay walxaha alkaline iyo alkaline-earth, taas oo ah, kuwa ku sii jeeda dhinaca bidix ee miiska xilliyeed ee walxaha. Waxay yihiin xeryahooda aan kacsanayn oo muujinaya tabinta. Haydarojiin ayaa laga helaa iyaga dhexdooda sida ion hydride ¯ H¯. Kooxdan dhexdeeda waxaa suurtogal ah in la kala saaro hydrides -ka sameysma biraha ugu badan ee korontada (laga bilaabo kooxaha 1 iyo 2); hydrides -kan waxaa badanaa lagu magacaabaa hydrides saline. Hydrides -ka cusbada guud ahaan waa cad -cad ama cawl adag oo laga helo falcelinta tooska ah ee birta leh hydrogen ee heerkulka sare.
- Haydaroollada kacsan ama aan birta ahayn:iyagu waa kuwa ku samaysmay walxo aan macdan ahayn laakiin wax yar oo electronegative ah, gaar ahaan, leh nitrogen, fosfooraska, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, boron, carbon iyo silicon: dhammaan kuwan waxay helayaan magacyo gaar ah, oo ka baxsan magaca guud; dhammaantood waa biraha birta ah ama biraha ka yimaadda xayndaabka p. Waxa kale oo loogu yeeri karaa hydrides molecular ama covalent, maxaa yeelay waxay leeyihiin xidhmooyin isku xidhan. Waxay sameeyaan macdano dhinacyo gaar ah leh. Silane, oo ah dareeraha biyaha ee kooxdan, ayaa aad u danaynaya qiimaha ay ku leedahay soo saarista nanoparticles.
- Haydarojiin Hydrogen:(oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan hydracids) waxay u dhigantaa isku -darka hydrogen iyo halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine ama iodine) ama leh walxaha antigenic (oksijiin, baaruud, selenium, tellurium); Kaliya kiiska dambe ayaa hydrogen -ku ku dhaqmaa lambarka oksaydhka togan (+1) iyo qodobka kale waa kan ku shaqeeya lambarka oksaydhka taban (-1 ee halogens, -2 ee amphogens).
Tusaalooyinka hydrides
- Hydride sodium (NaH)
- Fosfine (PH3)
- Hydride Barium (BaH2)
- Bismutin (Bi2S3)
- Hydride joogto ah (MnH7)
- Ammonia (NH3)
- Arsine (AsH3)
- Stibinite ama antimonite
- Hydrobromic acid (HBr)
- Borano (BH3)
- Methane (CH4)
- Silane (SiH₄)
- Hydrofluoric acid (HF)
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- Hydride Ferrous (FeH3)
- Hydroiodic acid (HI)
- Sulfide hydrogen (H2S)
- Selenhydric acid (H2Se)
- Tellurhydric acid (H2Te)
- Hydride lithium (LiH)
Isticmaalka hydrides
Waxaa ka mid ah adeegsiga hydrides -ka waxaan ka xusi karnaa kuwa qalajiyaha iyo kuwa wax yareeya, qaar ayaa loo isticmaalaa sida ilaha hydrogen ee saafiga ah.
Hydride Calcium ayaa si gaar ah waxtar u leh sida wakiilka qalajinta dareeraha organic. Hydride sodium waxay u baahan tahay taxaddar aad u weyn marka la maareeyo, maadaama ay si xoog leh uga falceliso biyaha oo ay guban karto.
Haddii dab ka dhasho dab -shididda biyo -mareenkan, ha u isticmaalin biyo si aad u bakhtiiso, soo saari lahaa olol badan. Dababkaan waa la damiyaa bakhtiiyeyaasha dabka budada ah.
