Qanacsan
La magacaabay molecule midowga laba ama ka badan atamka iyada oo loo marayo xidhmooyin kiimiko ah (oo isku mid ah ama xubno kala duwan), oo samaynaya go'an deggan. Tusaale ahaan: molecule biyo waa H20.
Molecules ayaa ka kooban qaybta ugu yar ee a walaxda kiimikada iyagoon lumin hantidooda kimiko-kiimiko ama diidmo, waxayna guud ahaan dhexdhexaad ka yihiin koronto ahaan (marka laga reebo ions, kuwaas oo ah molecules leh lacag togan ama taban).
Xiriirka la aasaasay ee u dhexeeya maaddooyinka maaddadu waxay muujinayaan xaaladdiisa jireed: inay aad isugu dhow yihiin, waxay noqon doontaa a adag; oo leh dhaqdhaqaaq, waxay noqon doontaa a dareere; iyo in si baaxad leh loo kala firdhiyo iyada oo aan gabi ahaanba la kala tagin, waxay noqon doontaa a gaas.
- Sidoo kale eeg: Tusaalooyinka Atamyada
Tusaalooyinka molecules
| Biyaha: H20 | Sucrose: C12H22AMA11 |
| Haydarojiin: H2 | Propanal: C3H8AMA |
| Ogsijiin: O2 | Weerarka: C3H6AMA |
| Methane: CH4 | Para-aminobenzoic acid: C7H7MAYA2 |
| Koloriin: Cl2 | Fluorine: F2 |
| Hydrochloric acid: HCl | Butane: C4H10 |
| Kaarboon laba ogsaydh: CO2 | Acetone: C3H6AMA |
| Kaarboon monoksaydh: CO | Acetylsalicylic acid: C9H8AMA4 |
| Lithium hydroxide: LiOH | Aashitada Ethanoic: C2H4AMA2 |
| Bromine: Br2 | Cellulose: C6H10AMA5 |
| Iodine: I2 | Dextrose: C6H12AMA6 |
| Ammonium: NH4 | Trinitrotoluene: C7H5N3AMA6 |
| Sulfuric acid: H2SW4 | Ribose: C5H10AMA5 |
| Propane: C3H8 | Birta: CH2AMA |
| Sodium hydroxide: NaOH | Nitrate -ka qalinka: AgNO3 |
| Chloride Sodium: NaCl | Cyanide sodium: NaCN |
| Sulfur dioxide: SO2 | Hydrobromic acid: HBr |
| Calcium sulfate: CaSO4 | Galactose: C6H12AMA6 |
| Ethanol: C2H5Oh | Aashitada nitrous: HNO2 |
| Fosforic acid: H3PO4 | Silica: SiO2 |
| Fullerene: C60 | Tiopentate sodium: C11H17N2AMA2SNa |
| Glucose: C6H12AMA6 | Barbituric acid: C4H4N2AMA3 |
| Sulfate sodium: NaHSO4 | Urea: CO (NH2)2 |
| Boron trifluoride: BF3 | Chloride Ammonium: NH2Cl |
| Chloroform: CHCl3 | Ammonia: NH3 |
Noocyada molecules
Molecules -ka waxaa lagu kala saari karaa hadba sida ay uga kooban yihiin atomiga, kuwaas oo kala ah:
Caqli badan. Ka samaysan tiro atom ah oo qeexan oo gaar ah, ha ahaato walxo kala duwan ama isku dabeecad. Taa beddelkeeda, lagu kala saari karo iyadoo loo eegayo tirada atamka kala duwan ee lagu dhex daray qaab -dhismeedkeeda:
- Monoatomic (1 nooc oo atom ah),
- Diatomic (laba nooc),
- Trichotomous (saddex nooc),
- Tetralogical (afar nooc) iyo wixii la mid ah.
Macromolecules ama polymers. Macromolecules waa silsilado molikaliyo oo waaweyn oo ka kooban qaybo fudud oo la isku daray si loo sameeyo dhismayaal aad u adag.
Habka astaanta dhaqameedka ee molecules -ka waxaa lagu muujiyaa marka la eego nuxurka atomiga ee hadda jira, iyadoo la adeegsanayo astaamaha jadwalka xilliyeedka si ay u matalaan walxaha ku lug leh iyo hoosaad muujineysa xiriirkooda tiro ee ku dhex jira molecule -ka.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maaddaama molecules-ku yihiin walxo saddex-cabbir ah, qaab muuqaal ah oo ka turjumaya qaab-dhismeedka oo aan ahayn tirada inta ay ka kooban yihiin ayaa inta badan loo adeegsadaa fahamkooda dhammaystiran.
Waa laguu adeegi karaa
- Macromolecules
- Xeryaha kiimikada
- Walxaha kiimikada
