![Walxaha sunta ee gunta hoosa Badda ka gufacaya wax yeelada ay dunida gaarsiin karaan](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ea2chtO-TwI/hqdefault.jpg)
Qanacsan
- Kala soocid
- Noocyada waxyeelada ay soo saaraan
- Muujinta jirka
- Tusaalooyinka walxaha sunta u leh jirka aadanaha
The walxaha sunta ah Waa badeecooyin kiimiko ah oo qaar ka mid ah hab -raacyadooda (soo -saaridda, adeegsiga, qaybinta ama tuuritaanka) ay u soo saaraan halis caafimaadka aadanaha (cudur ama xitaa dhimasho).
In kasta oo suntan ay timaaddo marka mid ka mid ah marxaladaha ay waxyeello u geysato caafimaadka, had iyo jeer waxay la xiriirtaa isticmaalka: Inta badan walxaha sunta ah waa kiimikooyin dardaaran ah, oo sababa dhaawac marka afka laga cuno.
Kala soocid
The sunta sunta waa takhasuska loogu talagalay walxaha noocan ah. Saamaynta walxaha ama xaaladaha dibaddu ku yeeshaan noolaha, nidaamyada bayoolojiga, xubnaha, unugyada iyo unugyada, waa aagga daraasadda ee edbintaan.
Wuxuu caadiyan u kala saaraa hay'adaha sunta ah saddex kooxood:
- Walxaha kiimikada organic iyo inorganic oo jirka waxyeello u geysta: walxaha kiimikada sida leedhku waxay ka dhex muuqdaan kuwa aan noolaha ahayn, halka kuwa dabiiciga ah ay ku jiraan walxo ay ka mid yihiin methanol, iyo sun badan oo asal ahaan xayawaan ah.
- Sunta noolaha, Waxaa lagu soo saaraa suntan ay soo saaraan fayrasyo iyo bakteeriya, kuwaas oo ku tarma inay yeeshaan caabuqyo. Si ka duwan tii hore, sunta noocan ahi waxay ku xidhan tahay awoodda martida loo leeyahay inuu is -difaaco, maadaama ay suurtogal tahay in laba walxood oo isku mid ahi si kala duwan ugu dhaqmaan soo -dhoweeyeyaasha kala duwan.
- Sunta jirkaWaxay ku jirtaa waxyaabo kala duwan oo aan inta badan loo qaadin sun, laakiin si kastaba ha ahaatee taasi waxay saameysaa jirka sida raajada iyo raajada gamma, ama shucaaca qeybaha kala duwan.
Sidoo kale eeg: Tusaalooyinka Qashinka Halista ah
Noocyada waxyeelada ay soo saaraan
Marka suntu jidhka gasho, waxay soo saari karaan noocyo kala duwan isbeddellada dhismaha ama dhaawacyada (laga bilaabo unugyada sii xumaanaya) ama shaqeynaya (sida beddelka DNA ama ka -hortagga ficilka enzymatic). Saamaynta ay ku leeyihiin jidhka ayaa sunta u qaybisa kala -soocid cusub:
- Sunta xasaasiyadda: Sunta ayaa galeysa dhismaha borotiinka.
- Sunta suuxinta: Waxay saameeyaan habdhiska dhexe ee neerfayaasha.
- Sunta oo la mergado: Waxay horjoogsadaan imaanshaha ogsajiinta unugyada.
- Sunta kansarka leh: Waxay saameeyaan qaab dhismeedka RNA iyo DNA.
- Sunta daxalka leh: Waxay burburiyaan unugyada ay ku dhaqmaan.
Muujinta jirka
Marka jidhka bini’aadamka uu ku bato canaasiirta wax u dhimaya caafimaadkiisa, waxaa la sheegaa in jidhku yahay sakhraansan. Xaaladahan, jidhku sida caadiga ah wuxuu weeraraa walaxda, isaga oo maamula si uu u xakameeyo, u yareeyo waqti gaaban oo ka eryo: hase yeeshe, mararka qaarkood habkani wuu fashilmaa maxaa yeelay difaaca dabiiciga ahi wuu hooseeyaa, ama maxaa yeelay waxaa jira uruurin badan oo ah walaxda soo duushay .
Muuqaalka finan iyo finan, qandho daran, neefsashada oo dhib ah, shuban daran, matag fara badan, iyo calaamado kale Waa kuwa jidhku u isticmaalo si uu u muujiyo balwad, waana inay dhakhaatiirtu ula dhaqmaan sida ku habboon.
Tusaalooyinka walxaha sunta u leh jirka aadanaha
- Acetone
- Methanol
- Qaaxada Mycobacterium
- Fayraska qandhada Rift Valley
- Arsenic
- Sulfide hydrogen
- Chlorobenzene
- Cadmium
- Fayraska Venezuelan equine encephalitis
- Shigelladysenteriae nooca 1
- Chlordane
- Sulfur anhydride
- Aniline
- Styrene
- Fayraska Niil Galbeed
- Fayruska jaalaha ah
- Fayraska encephalitis guga-xagaaga ee Ruushka
- UN 2900
- Chloride vinyl
- Saliidaha Shidaalka
- Asbestos
- Cayayaanka
- Cayayaanka (organochlorines, pyrethroids, carbamates)
- Fayraska Sabia
- Hoggaamiya
- Meerkuriga
- Ameericium
- Cyanide
- Vinyl acetate
- Chlorfenvinphos
- Trichlorethylene
- Isocyanates
- Fayraska dabaysha
- Ammonia
- Chloroethane
- Toluene
- Fayraska raabiyada
- Aluminium
- Chlorophenols
- Fayraska qandhada dhiigbaxa ee Omsk
- Yersinia pestis
- Kaarboon monoksaydh
- Zinc
- Tetradoxin
- Acrylonitrile
- Fayruska encephalitis ee shilintu keento
- Chloride Barium
- Acrolein
- Tar
- Fayraska Variola